案例故事： 接上两篇：Python Testlink用例导入工具excel2xml
有导入，肯定有导出，很不凑巧，只支持Xml格式的用例导出。

我们需要把Xml格式的测试用例再转换成Excel版的测试用例，以方便阅读。

准备阶段

1. 操作Xml的模块，我建议首选ElementTree, 本次用官方自动的ElementTree即可
2. 操作Excel的模块，一直首选openpyxl
   
   

Python面向对象类形式

由于本案例涉及的代码有些许难度，且相对较长，
直接以面向对象类的形式来进行建模及程序设计。

建模：先设想有这么一个空白的世界，这个世界需要哪些类型的事物（名词）。
我们需要两个类，一个是ExcelParser类用于解析Excel获取Excel数据，
一个是XMLWriter类，用于将以上获取的Excel数据写入Xml文件里去。

# coding=utf-8

import os
import re
import shutil
from openpyxl import Workbook
from openpyxl.styles import Alignment
from xml.etree.ElementTree import ElementTree


class XmlReader():
    '''读取XML文件并获得所有的各用例的详细字段'''

    def __init__(self, xml_file):
        self.xml_file = xml_file
        self.all_case_list = []
        self.tree = ElementTree()
        self.tree.parse(self.xml_file)
        self.xmlroot = self.tree.getroot()

    def parse_xml(self):
        '''解析并最终把所有数据写到self.all_case_lit'''
        if self.xmlroot.tag == "testcases":
            for node_1 in list(self.xmlroot):
                if (node_1.tag == "testcase"):
                    temp_casedict = {}
                    temp_casedict["summary"] = node_1.attrib["name"]
                    for node_2 in list(node_1):
                        if (node_2.tag == "steps"):
                            action_list = []
                            result_list = []
                            action_count = 1
                            result_count = 1
                            for node_3 in node_2.iter():
                                if (node_3.tag == "actions"):
                                    try:
                                        action_list.append("Step" + str(action_count) + ":" + self.data_format(
                                                node_3.text) + "\n")
                                    except:
                                        action_list.append( "Step" + str(action_count) + ":" + "" + "\n")
                                    action_count = action_count + 1
                                if (node_3.tag == "expectedresults"):
                                    try:
                                        result_list.append("Result" + str(result_count) + ":" + self.data_format(
                                                        node_3.text) + "\n")
                                    except:
                                        result_list.append("Result" + str(result_count) + ":" + "" + "\n")
                                    result_count = result_count + 1
                            action_liststr = "".join(action_list)
                            result_list_str = "".join(result_list)
                            temp_casedict["step"] = action_liststr
                            temp_casedict["expectResult"] = result_list_str
                        elif (node_2.tag == "preconditions"):
                            temp_casedict[node_2.tag] = self.data_format_fummary_precondition(node_2.text)
                        elif (node_2.tag == "execution_type"):
                            if (node_2.text == "1"):
                                temp_casedict[node_2.tag] = u"手动"
                            elif (node_2.text == "2"):
                                temp_casedict[node_2.tag] = u"自动"
                        elif (node_2.tag == "importance"):
                            if (node_2.text == "1"):
                                temp_casedict[node_2.tag] = "Low"
                            elif (node_2.text == "2"):
                                temp_casedict[node_2.tag] = "Medium"
                            elif (node_2.text == "3"):
                                temp_casedict[node_2.tag] = "High"
                        elif (node_2.tag == "keywords"):
                            for node_3 in node_2.iter():
                                if (node_3.tag == "keyword"):
                                    temp_casedict[node_2.tag] = node_3.attrib["name"]
                    else:
                        pass
                    self.all_case_list.append(temp_casedict)
        return self.all_case_list

    def data_format(self, inputdata):
        '''过滤掉（删掉）一些不必要的html的字符'''
        inputdata = inputdata.strip()
        inputdata = inputdata.replace('<p>', '').replace('</p>', '').replace('\n', '').replace('\t', '').replace(
                '</div>', ''). \
            replace('<div>', '').replace('&nbsp;', ' ').replace('&gt;', ''). \
            replace('<br />', '').replace("&ldquo;", "", ).replace("&rdquo;", "")
        return inputdata

    def data_format_fummary_precondition(self, inputdata):
        '''过滤掉（删掉）一些不必要的html的字符'''
        if inputdata != None:
            inputdata = inputdata.strip()
            inputdata = inputdata.replace('<p>', '').replace('</p>', '').replace('\n', '').replace('\t', '').replace(
                    '</div>', ''). \
                replace('<div>', '').replace('&nbsp;', ' ').replace('&gt;', '').replace('<br />', '')
        else:
            inputdata = ""
        return inputdata

class ExcelWriter():
    '''Get XML Cases and Generate Excel Cases'''

    def __init__(self, all_case_list):
        self.all_case_list = all_case_list
        self.wb = Workbook()

    def write_excel(self, save_path):
        ws = self.wb.active
        alignment = Alignment(horizontal="left", vertical="top", wrap_text=True)
        ws.alignment = alignment
        first_row = ["用例标题", "预置条件", "执行方式", "优先级", "测试步骤", "预期结果", "关键字"]
        ws.append(first_row)
        for case in self.all_case_list:
            temp_row = [(case["summary"]), case["preconditions"], case["execution_type"], case["importance"],
                        case["step"],
                        case["expectResult"]]
            if "keywords" in case:
                temp_row.append(case["keywords"])
            ws.append(temp_row)
        self.wb.save(save_path)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    curpath = os.getcwd()
    xml_dir = os.path.join(curpath, "XML_Input") # 输入文件夹
    xml_list = os.listdir(xml_dir)

    output_dir = os.path.join(curpath, "Excel_Output") # 输出文件夹
    try:
        shutil.rmtree(output_dir)
    except:
        pass

    if not os.path.exists(output_dir):
        os.mkdir(output_dir)

    for each_xml in xml_list:
        print("*" * 60)
        print("正在处理%s" % each_xml)
        print("*" * 60)
        xml_name, posfix = os.path.splitext(each_xml)
        exch_xml_path = "%s%s%s" % (xml_dir, os.sep, each_xml)

        x_obj = XmlReader(exch_xml_path)
        all_case_list = x_obj.parse_xml()

        e_obj = ExcelWriter(all_case_list)
        excel_save_path = "%s%s%s.xlsx" % (output_dir, os.sep, xml_name)
        e_obj.write_excel(excel_save_path)
        print("XML转Excel完毕并保存到了 %s" % excel_save_path)

本案例素材下载

包括：导出来的测试用例xml，Python脚本
跳转到官网下载本素材
武散人出品，请放心下载！

运行方式与效果视频

跳转到官网查看本视频

更多更好的原创文章，请访问官方网站：www.zipython.com
自拍教程（自动化测试Python教程，武散人编著）
原文链接：https://www.zipython.com/#/detail?id=2e0f9c3c677045b1b2e9e81891db9387
也可关注“武散人”微信订阅号，随时接受文章推送。