文章目录
- 51单片机
-
- 一.前言
- 二.连接方式
- 三.工程代码
- 四.避坑环节
51单片机
一.前言
说起51,可以说是老古董了,刚开始接触单片机就是从51开始,今天就来用51单片机驱动oled显示屏,oled显示屏采用i2c的接口,因为51的代码看起来更容易理解,在移植到其他平台就可以参考这个代码来写了。顺便也将驱动过程中遇到的坑分享给大家
二.连接方式
oled和单片机连接如下表所示,管脚定义可以任意选用gpio口,因为写的是软件I2C,所以需要改其他管脚的可以在oled.h文件当中修改
51单片机 | OLED |
---|---|
VCC | VCC(5V) |
GND | GND |
P1^0 | CLK |
P1^1 | DATA |
三.工程代码
先放上代码的连接
1.gitee 代码
2.项目下载
oled.c
#include "oled.h"
#include "oledfont.h"
//OLED的显存
//存放格式如下.
//[0]0 1 2 3 ... 127
//[1]0 1 2 3 ... 127
//[2]0 1 2 3 ... 127
//[3]0 1 2 3 ... 127
//[4]0 1 2 3 ... 127
//[5]0 1 2 3 ... 127
//[6]0 1 2 3 ... 127
//[7]0 1 2 3 ... 127
void Delay_50ms(unsigned int Del_50ms)
{
unsigned int m;
for(;Del_50ms>0;Del_50ms--)
for(m=6245;m>0;m--);
}
void Delay_1ms(unsigned int Del_1ms)
{
unsigned char j;
while(Del_1ms--)
{
for(j=0;j<123;j++);
}
}
void IIC_Start()
{
OLED_SCLK_Set() ;
OLED_SDIN_Set();
OLED_SDIN_Clr();
OLED_SCLK_Clr();
}
void IIC_Stop()
{
OLED_SCLK_Set() ;
OLED_SDIN_Clr();
OLED_SDIN_Set();
}
void IIC_Wait_Ack()
{
OLED_SCLK_Set() ;
OLED_SCLK_Clr();
}
void Write_IIC_Byte(unsigned char IIC_Byte)
{
unsigned char i;
unsigned char m,da;
da=IIC_Byte;
OLED_SCLK_Clr();
for(i=0;i<8;i++)
{
m=da;
// OLED_SCLK_Clr();
m=m&0x80;
if(m==0x80)
{ OLED_SDIN_Set();}
else OLED_SDIN_Clr();
da=da<<1;
OLED_SCLK_Set();
OLED_SCLK_Clr();
}
}
void Write_IIC_Command(unsigned char IIC_Command)
{
IIC_Start();
Write_IIC_Byte(0x78); //Slave address,SA0=0
IIC_Wait_Ack();
Write_IIC_Byte(0x00); //write command
IIC_Wait_Ack();
Write_IIC_Byte(IIC_Command);
IIC_Wait_Ack();
IIC_Stop();
}
void Write_IIC_Data(unsigned char IIC_Data)
{
IIC_Start();
Write_IIC_Byte(0x78); //D/C#=0; R/W#=0
IIC_Wait_Ack();
Write_IIC_Byte(0x40); //write data
IIC_Wait_Ack();
Write_IIC_Byte(IIC_Data);
IIC_Wait_Ack();
IIC_Stop();
}
void OLED_WR_Byte(unsigned dat,unsigned cmd)
{
if(cmd)
{
Write_IIC_Data(dat);
}
else
{
Write_IIC_Command(dat);
}
}
void fill_picture(unsigned char fill_Data)
{
unsigned char m,n;
for(m=0;m<8;m++)
{
OLED_WR_Byte(0xb0+m,0); //page0-page1
OLED_WR_Byte(0x00,0); //low column start address
OLED_WR_Byte(0x10,0); //high column start address
for(n=0;n<128;n++)
{
OLED_WR_Byte(fill_Data,1);
}
}
}
//坐标设置
void OLED_Set_Pos(unsigned char x, unsigned char y)
{ OLED_WR_Byte(0xb0+y,OLED_CMD);
OLED_WR_Byte(((x&0xf0)>>4)|0x10,OLED_CMD);
OLED_WR_Byte((x&0x0f),OLED_CMD);
}
//开启OLED显示
void OLED_Display_On(void)
{
OLED_WR_Byte(0x8D,OLED_CMD); //SET DCDC命令
OLED_WR_Byte(0x14,OLED_CMD); //DCDC ON
OLED_WR_Byte(0xAF,OLED_CMD); //DISPLAY ON
}
//关闭OLED显示
void OLED_Display_Off(void)
{
OLED_WR_Byte(0x8D,OLED_CMD); //SET DCDC命令
OLED_WR_Byte(0x10,OLED_CMD); //DCDC OFF
OLED_WR_Byte(0xAE,OLED_CMD); //DISPLAY OFF
}
//清屏函数,清完屏,整个屏幕是黑色的!和没点亮一样!!!
void OLED_Clear(void)
{
u8 i,n;
for(i=0;i<8;i++)
{
OLED_WR_Byte (0xb0+i,OLED_CMD); //设置页地址(0~7)
OLED_WR_Byte (0x00,OLED_CMD); //设置显示位置—列低地址
OLED_WR_Byte (0x10,OLED_CMD); //设置显示位置—列高地址
for(n=0;n<128;n++)OLED_WR_Byte(0,OLED_DATA);
} //更新显示
}
void OLED_On(void)
{
u8 i,n;
for(i=0;i<8;i++)
{
OLED_WR_Byte (0xb0+i,OLED_CMD); //设置页地址(0~7)
OLED_WR_Byte (0x00,OLED_CMD); //设置显示位置—列低地址
OLED_WR_Byte (0x10,OLED_CMD); //设置显示位置—列高地址
for(n=0;n<128;n++)OLED_WR_Byte(1,OLED_DATA);
} //更新显示
}
//在指定位置显示一个字符,包括部分字符
//x:0~127
//y:0~63
//mode:0,反白显示;1,正常显示
//size:选择字体 16/12
void OLED_ShowChar(u8 x,u8 y,u8 chr,u8 Char_Size)
{
unsigned char c=0,i=0;
c=chr-' ';//得到偏移后的值
if(x>Max_Column-1){ x=0;y=y+2;}
if(Char_Size ==16)
{
OLED_Set_Pos(x,y);
for(i=0;i<8;i++)
OLED_WR_Byte(F8X16[c*16+i],OLED_DATA);
OLED_Set_Pos(x,y+1);
for(i=0;i<8;i++)
OLED_WR_Byte(F8X16[c*16+i+8],OLED_DATA);
}
else {
OLED_Set_Pos(x,y);
for(i=0;i<6;i++)
OLED_WR_Byte(F6x8[c][i],OLED_DATA);
}
}
//m^n函数
u32 oled_pow(u8 m,u8 n)
{
u32 result=1;
while(n--)result*=m;
return result;
}
//显示2个数字
//x,y :起点坐标
//len :数字的位数
//size:字体大小
//mode:模式 0,填充模式;1,叠加模式
//num:数值(0~4294967295);
void OLED_ShowNum(u8 x,u8 y,u32 num,u8 len,u8 size2)
{
u8 t,temp;
u8 enshow=0;
for(t=0;t<len;t++)
{
temp=(num/oled_pow(10,len-t-1))%10;
if(enshow==0&&t<(len-1))
{
if(temp==0)
{
OLED_ShowChar(x+(size2/2)*t,y,' ',size2);
continue;
}else enshow=1;
}
OLED_ShowChar(x+(size2/2)*t,y,temp+'0',size2);
}
}
//显示一个字符号串
void OLED_ShowString(u8 x,u8 y,u8 *chr,u8 Char_Size)
{
unsigned char j=0;
while (chr[j]!='\0')
{ OLED_ShowChar(x,y,chr[j],Char_Size);
x+=8;
if(x>120){ x=0;y+=2;}
j++;
}
}
//显示汉字
void OLED_ShowCHinese(u8 x,u8 y,u8 no)
{
u8 t,adder=0;
OLED_Set_Pos(x,y);
for(t=0;t<16;t++)
{
OLED_WR_Byte(Hzk[2*no][t],OLED_DATA);
adder+=1;
}
OLED_Set_Pos(x,y+1);
for(t=0;t<16;t++)
{
OLED_WR_Byte(Hzk[2*no+1][t],OLED_DATA);
adder+=1;
}
}
//和之前显示图片的参数不同
void OLED_DrawBMP(unsigned char x0, unsigned char y0,unsigned char x1, unsigned char y1,unsigned char BMP[])
{
unsigned int j=0;
unsigned char x,y;
if(y1%8==0) y=y1/8;
else y=y1/8+1;
for(y=y0;y<y1;y++)
{
OLED_Set_Pos(x0,y);
for(x=x0;x<x1;x++)
{
OLED_WR_Byte(BMP[j++],OLED_DATA);
}
}
}
//初始化SSD1306
void OLED_Init(void)
{
OLED_WR_Byte(0xAE,OLED_CMD);//--display off
OLED_WR_Byte(0x00,OLED_CMD);//---set low column address
OLED_WR_Byte(0x10,OLED_CMD);//---set high column address
OLED_WR_Byte(0x40,OLED_CMD);//--set start line address
OLED_WR_Byte(0xB0,OLED_CMD);//--set page address
OLED_WR_Byte(0x81,OLED_CMD); // contract control
OLED_WR_Byte(0xFF,OLED_CMD);//--128
OLED_WR_Byte(0xA1,OLED_CMD);//set segment remap
OLED_WR_Byte(0xA6,OLED_CMD);//--normal / reverse
OLED_WR_Byte(0xA8,OLED_CMD);//--set multiplex ratio(1 to 64)
OLED_WR_Byte(0x3F,OLED_CMD);//--1/32 duty
OLED_WR_Byte(0xC8,OLED_CMD);//Com scan direction
OLED_WR_Byte(0xD3,OLED_CMD);//-set display offset
OLED_WR_Byte(0x00,OLED_CMD);//
OLED_WR_Byte(0xD5,OLED_CMD);//set osc division
OLED_WR_Byte(0x80,OLED_CMD);//
OLED_WR_Byte(0xD8,OLED_CMD);//set area color mode off
OLED_WR_Byte(0x05,OLED_CMD);//
OLED_WR_Byte(0xD9,OLED_CMD);//Set Pre-Charge Period
OLED_WR_Byte(0xF1,OLED_CMD);//
OLED_WR_Byte(0xDA,OLED_CMD);//set com pin configuartion
OLED_WR_Byte(0x12,OLED_CMD);//
OLED_WR_Byte(0xDB,OLED_CMD);//set Vcomh
OLED_WR_Byte(0x30,OLED_CMD);//
OLED_WR_Byte(0x8D,OLED_CMD);//set charge pump enable
OLED_WR_Byte(0x14,OLED_CMD);//
OLED_WR_Byte(0xAF,OLED_CMD);//--turn on oled panel
}
四.避坑环节
遇到的坑无非就是编译的问题,因为51的内部rom比较小,而oled驱动显示,字符和图片啥的都是取的模,定义的全局变量,所以编译出来的hex超过了rom的容量就报错,无法产生hex文件
51单片机仅有128 Byte内部RAM
52单片机有256 Byte内部RAM
解决办法
- 将数据保存到外部ROM当中,在keil5中如下设置(当然keil4也是一样的)
- 在取模汉字或者图片数组前面加 code
//汉字取模
unsigned char code Hzk[][32]={
{ 0x20,0x20,0x24,0x24,0x24,0x24,0xBF,0x64,0x24,0x34,0x28,0x24,0x22,0x20,0x20,0x00},
{ 0x10,0x08,0x04,0x02,0x3F,0x45,0x44,0x44,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x41,0x78,0x00,0x00,0x00},
{ 0x00,0x22,0x26,0x1A,0x92,0x02,0x7E,0x80,0x22,0x26,0x1A,0x12,0x02,0x7E,0x00,0x00},
{ 0x08,0x04,0x02,0xFF,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x7F,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x41,0x00,0x00},
};