C语言贪吃蛇小游戏

个人小白，后期也做了一些改进，附原视频地址（点击即可）

废话在后面直接上程序

该程序在VS2019上可完美运行。

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<Windows.h>
#include<time.h>
#include<conio.h>
constexpr auto maphigh = 28, mapwide = 84;
struct virus
{ 
	int x;
	int y;
}virus;
unsigned short snakesize = 50, speed = 300, len = 4;
struct snake
{ 
	int x[50];
	int y[50];
	int len;//蛇的长度
	int speed;//蛇的速度
}snake;
int key = 'w';//初始化方向
void gotoxy(int x, int y);
void drawmap();
void keydown();
void creatvirus();
int snakestatus();
void startgame();
int menuselect();
void goodbye();
void introduce();
void edition();
int setup();
void respect();
int setup1();
int modifydiffculty();
void diffculty();
int customize();
void customize1();
int main()
{ 
	for (;;)
	{ 
		system("cls");//清屏
		switch (menuselect())
		{ 
		case 1://开始游戏
			startgame();
			break;
		case 2://介绍
			introduce();
			break;
		case 3://版本
			edition();
			break;
		case 4://设置
			setup1();
			break;
		case 5:
			goodbye();
			return 0;
		default:
			break;
		}
	}
}
void drawmap()//1.画地图
{ 
	//⊙:病毒 █：蛇身(占用两个字符）
	srand((unsigned int)time(NULL));//随机病毒出现的位置
	int i, k;
	for (i = 0; i <= maphigh; i++)
	{ 
		gotoxy(0, i);
		printf("█");//打印左边框
		gotoxy(mapwide, i);
		printf("█");//打印右边框
	}
	for (i = 0; i <= mapwide; i += 2)//+=2因为 █占两个字节
	{ 
		gotoxy(i, 0);
		printf("█");//打印下边框
		gotoxy(i, maphigh);
		printf("█");//打印上边框
	}
	//画蛇
	snake.len = len;
	snake.speed = speed;
	//初始化蛇的位置
	snake.x[0] = mapwide / 2;
	snake.y[0] = maphigh / 2;//[0]为蛇头的位置
	//画蛇头
	gotoxy(snake.x[0], snake.y[0]);
	printf("█");
	//画蛇身
	for (k = 1; k < snake.len; k++)
	{ 
		snake.x[k] = snake.x[k - 1] + 2;
		snake.y[k] = snake.y[k - 1];
		gotoxy(snake.x[k], snake.y[k]);
		printf("█");
	}
	while (1)
	{ 
		virus.x = rand() % (mapwide - 4) + 2;//+2,+1这个与█所占的字符有关，长占两个字符宽1个
		virus.y = rand() % (maphigh - 2) + 1;//画个图，显而易见
		if (virus.x % 2 == 0)
			break;
	}
	gotoxy(virus.x, virus.y);
	printf("⊙");
	gotoxy(mapwide + 4, maphigh);
	printf("⊙:%d", snakesize - snake.len);
}
void creatvirus()//2.产生病毒
{ 
	if (snake.x[0] == virus.x && snake.y[0] == virus.y)
	{ 
		//printf("\a");//声音
		snake.len++;
		srand((unsigned)time(NULL));
		while (1)
		{ 
			int flag = 1;
			virus.x = rand() % (mapwide - 4) + 2;//+2,+1这个与█所占的字符有关，长占两个字符宽1个
			virus.y = rand() % (maphigh - 2) + 1;//画个图，显而易见
		//产生的病毒不能在蛇的身上
			for (int k = 0; k < snake.len; k++)
			{ 
				if (snake.x[k] == virus.x && snake.y[k] == virus.y)
				{ 
					flag = 0;//virus不合适的标志
					break;
				}
			}
			if (flag == 1 && virus.x % 2 == 0)//病毒位置合法且x坐标为偶数
			{ //x左右是以两个字节为单位运动的，若virus的x坐标为奇数，就不存在snake.x[k] == virus.x
				break;
			}
		}
	}
	gotoxy(virus.x, virus.y);
	printf("⊙");
	gotoxy(mapwide + 8, 0);//将光标移走
	printf("W");
	gotoxy(mapwide + 6, 1);
	printf("A S D \t进行控制");
	gotoxy(mapwide + 4, maphigh);
	printf("⊙:%d", snakesize - snake.len);
}
void keydown()//3.按键
{ 
	int i, temp;
	if (_kbhit()) //kbhit函数检查当前是否有键盘输入，若有则返回一个非0值，否则返回0
	{ 
		fflush(stdin);// 清空输入缓冲区，通常是为了确保不影响后面的数据读取
		temp = _getch();//getch:从控制台读取一个字符，但不显示在屏幕上
		if ((temp == 'a' || temp == 'A') && (key != 'D' && key != 'd'))//解决了按反方向键蛇自杀的问题
		{ 
			key = temp;
		}
		if ((temp == 'w' || temp == 'W') && (key != 's' && key != 'S'))
		{ 
			key = temp;
		}
		if ((temp == 's' || temp == 'S') && (key != 'W' && key != 'w'))
		{ 
			key = temp;
		}
		if ((temp == 'D' || temp == 'd') && (key != 'a' && key != 'A'))
		{ 
			key = temp;
		}
	}
	//擦除最后一节
	gotoxy(snake.x[snake.len - 1], snake.y[snake.len - 1]);
	printf(" ");
	for (i = snake.len - 1; i > 0; i--)
	{ 
		snake.x[i] = snake.x[i - 1];//以前1的位置现在变成了2，0变成了1
		snake.y[i] = snake.y[i - 1];
	}
	switch (key)//最后一节已经擦出，前移后0,1位置重合,左上角坐标为0，0
	{ 
	case'w':
	case'W':
		snake.y[0]--;
		break;
	case's':
	case'S':
		snake.y[0]++;
		break;
	case'a':
	case'A':
		snake.x[0] -= 2;
		break;
	case'd':
	case'D':
		snake.x[0] += 2;
		break;
	}
	gotoxy(snake.x[0], snake.y[0]);
	printf("█");
	gotoxy(mapwide + 2, 0);//将光标移走
}
int snakestatus()//4.蛇的状态
{ 
	if ((snake.x[0] == 0 || snake.x[0] == mapwide) || (snake.y[0] == 0 || snake.y[0] == maphigh))
		return 0;
	for (int k = 1; k < snake.len; k++)
	{ 
		if (snake.x[0] == snake.x[k] && snake.y[0] == snake.y[k])
			return 0;
	}
	return 1;
}
void gotoxy(int x, int y)
{ //1.找到控制台这个窗口
	HANDLE handle = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
	
	//2.设置光标
	COORD coord;
	
	coord.X = x;
	coord.Y = y;
	//4.同步到控制台SetConsoleCursorPosition
	SetConsoleCursorPosition(handle, coord);//定位到handle这个窗口，把光标打在coord坐标
}
void startgame()
{ 
	system("cls");
	drawmap();
	while (1)
	{ 
		creatvirus();
		keydown();
		Sleep(snake.speed);//void sleep(int seconds)自带函数参数 seconds 为要暂停的毫秒数。
		if (!snakestatus())//判断死亡时snakestaus为0,
		{ 
			gotoxy(mapwide / 2, maphigh / 2);
			printf("Game Over");
			getchar();
			getchar();
			break;
		}
		if (snake.len == snakesize)
		{ 
			gotoxy(mapwide / 3, maphigh / 2);
			printf("恭喜您消灭了全部病毒，胜利(＾－＾)V");
			getchar();
			respect();
			break;
		}
	}
}
int menuselect()
{ 
	char number;
	int a;
	printf("\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t1.开始游戏\n");
	printf("\n\t\t\t\t\t\t2.游戏介绍\n");
	printf("\n\t\t\t\t\t\t3.游戏版本\n");
	printf("\n\t\t\t\t\t\t4.设置\n");
	printf("\n\t\t\t\t\t\t5.退出游戏\n");
	printf("\n\t\t\t\t\t\t请选择（数字）");
	while (1)
	{ 
		number = getchar();
		a = (int)number - 48;
		if (number <= '5' && number >= '1')
			return a;
		printf("\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t ");
	}
}
void goodbye()
{ 
	system("cls");
	SetConsoleTextAttribute(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE), FOREGROUND_INTENSITY | FOREGROUND_RED);//设置红色
	gotoxy(0, 12);
	printf("\t\t\t\t\t\t谢谢使用！再见！\n");
	getchar();
	getchar();
}
void respect()
{ 
	system("cls");
	gotoxy(0, 4);
	printf("\t\t*在此向全国的医护人员表示敬意*\n\n");
	Sleep(1000);
	printf("\t\t*感谢他们的默默付出*\n\n");
	Sleep(1000);
	printf("\t\t*感谢他们对抗击疫情做出的贡献*\n\n");
	Sleep(1000);
	printf("\t\t*此致*\n\n");
	printf("\t\t* 敬礼 *\n\n");
	Sleep(2000);
	getchar();
}
void introduce()
{ 
	system("cls");
	gotoxy(0, 4);
	printf("\t\t\t\t 游戏规则 \n\n");
	printf("\t\t\t\t2020年新冠病毒肆虐，威胁着人类\n\n");
	printf("\t\t\t\t玩家将控制蛇消灭随机出现的病毒⊙\n\n");
	printf("\t\t\t\t消灭所有病毒即可获得胜利。\n\n");
	printf("\n\n\n\n\n");
	printf("\t\t\t\t\tEnter返回主菜单");
	getchar();
	getchar();
}
void edition()
{ 
	system("cls");
	gotoxy(0, 4);
	printf("\t\t\t\t*********************************************\n\n");
	printf("\t\t\t\t* 欢 迎 *\n\n");
	printf("\t\t\t\t* 版本号： 1.2 *\n\n");
	printf("\t\t\t\t* 更新：1.修复了反方向自杀的问题 *\n\n");
	printf("\t\t\t\t* 2.修复了蛇吃墙的问题 *\n\n");
	printf("\t\t\t\t* 3.新增了菜单与设置功能 *\n\n");
	printf("\t\t\t\t* 4.修改了部分整形变量节省空间 *\n\n");
	printf("\t\t\t\t*********************************************\n\n");
	printf("\t\t\t\t\tEnter返回主菜单");
	getchar();
	getchar();
}
int setup()
{ 
	//system("color 6f"); //第一个为背景色，第二个为字体颜色
   
	char s;
	int a;
	system("cls");
	printf("\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t1.修改难度\n");
	printf("\n\t\t\t\t\t\t2.自义定设置\n");
	printf("\n\t\t\t\t\t\t3.颜色设置\n");
	printf("\n\t\t\t\t\t\t4.音效设置\n");
	printf("\n\t\t\t\t\t\t5.返回\n");
	printf("\n\t\t\t\t\t\t请选择（数字）");
	while (1)
	{ 
		s = getchar();
		a = (int)s - 48;
		if (s <= '5' && s >= '1')
			return a;
		printf("\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t ");
	}
}
int setup1()
{ 
	switch (setup())
	{ 
	case 1:
		diffculty();
		break;
	case 2:
		customize1();
		break;
	default:
		break;
	}
	return 0;
}
int modifydiffculty()
{ 
	char s;
	int a;
	system("cls");
	printf("\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t1.简单\n");
	printf("\n\t\t\t\t\t\t2.普通\n");
	printf("\n\t\t\t\t\t\t3.困难\n");
	printf("\n\t\t\t\t\t\t4.修罗地狱\n");
	printf("\n\t\t\t\t\t\t请选择（数字）");
	while (1)
	{ 
		s = getchar();
		a = (int)s - 48;
		if (s <= '4' && s >= '1')
			return a;
		printf("\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t ");
	}
}
void diffculty()
{ 
	switch (modifydiffculty())
	{ 
	case 1:
		len = 4;
		speed = 500;
		snakesize = 10;
		system("cls");
		gotoxy(8, 8);
		printf("\t\t\t\t\t\t 修改成功！\n");
		printf("\t\t\t\t\t\t \n");
		system("pause");
		break;
	case 2:
		len = 4;
		speed = 300;
		snakesize = 25;
		system("cls");
		gotoxy(8, 8);
		printf("\t\t\t\t\t\t 修改成功！\n");
		printf("\t\t\t\t\t\t \n");
		system("pause");
		break;
	case 3:
		len = 4;
		speed = 70;
		snakesize = 50;
		system("cls");
		gotoxy(8, 8);
		printf("\t\t\t\t\t\t 修改成功！\n");
		printf("\t\t\t\t\t\t \n");
		system("pause");
		break;
	case 4:
		len = 4;
		speed = 25;
		snakesize = 70;
		system("cls");
		gotoxy(8, 8);
		printf("\t\t\t\t\t\t 修改成功！\n");
		printf("\t\t\t\t\t\t \n");
		system("pause");
		break;
	default:
		break;
	}
}
int customize()
{ 
	char s;
	int a;
	system("cls");
	printf("\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t1.自定义速度\n");
	printf("\n\t\t\t\t\t\t2.自定义初始长度\n");
	printf("\n\t\t\t\t\t\t请选择（数字）");
	while (1)
	{ 
		s = getchar();
		a = (int)s - 48;
		if (s <= '2' && s >= '1')
			return a;
		printf("\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t ");
	}
}
void customize1()
{ 
	int s;
	switch (customize())
	{ 
	case 1://自定义速度
		system("cls");
		gotoxy(8, 8);
		printf("\t\t\t\t请输入速度(1-999)");
		scanf_s("%d", &s);
		speed = (1000 - s);
		break;
	case 2:
		system("cls");
		gotoxy(8, 8);
		printf("\t\t\t\t请输入初始长度：");
		scanf_s("%d", &s);
		len = s;
		break;
	default:
		break;
	}
}

对于刚学完C语言的初学者，直接做这种小游戏也是一件非常困难的事情，中间还有很大的鸿沟。老师上课讲授的知识非常有限，大部分知识还需要同学们自己去探索。
如果你用的时vs2010，那估计以上程序一定会报错，两个版本在scanf函数上有所不同，在2019中必须要求使用scanf_s.

其次，2019允许在程序运行时定义变量
例如：

for(int i=1;i<3;i++)

而在2010中是不允许这样书写的。
除上述两点外，2010和2019还有很多小地方不同，当然我们不需要特意记住这些不同，在2019都会给予相应的提示。
个人没有把自定义函数和main函数分开，毕竟只是自己写着玩。
程序的写法也有很多很多种，不必拘于一种，也期待各位写出更加简练高效的程序。
个人小白，如有错误也希望各位大佬能够指出。