C++之俄罗斯方块
使用VS2017编译
思路：
1.打印出游戏地图，也就是设计游戏地图类game_interdace，包括设计游戏开始界面的函数，游戏地图界面的函数，游戏结束界面的函数，以及设计一些辅助函数如（设置光标为目标点，改变颜色，隐藏光标）来完成上述设计。
2.设计方块图形类,包括生成图形，清理图形，图形移动，图形停止的处理，图形的消失（实质是得分）等。
#include <iostream>
#include<conio.h>
#include<windows.h>
#include<time.h>
#include<string>
class game_interdace
{
public:
friend class Graphic;
game_interdace();
void start_interface();//游戏开始界面
void HideCursor(); //隐藏光标
int color(int c);//改变颜色
void gotoxy(int x, int y);//设置光标为目标点
void gotoprintf(int x, int y);//在目标点打印■
void gotoclear(int x, int y);//消除目标点■
void map(); //游戏地图界面
bool end_map(); //游戏结束界面
private:
int grade;
static int game_lv;
};
int game_interdace::game_lv{};
game_interdace::game_interdace() :grade{ }
{
}//注意这里的花括号
class Graphic
{
public:
class game_interdace interdace;
Graphic();
int location_x;//用于判断和控制图形位置(x坐标）
int location_y;//用于判断和控制图形位置(y坐标）
int graph_id; //图形id
int next_graph_id{};//下一图形id
int random(); //生成随机数
void produce_graph(int location_x, int location_y,int id );//生成图形
void clear_graph(int location_x, int location_y,int id);//清理图形
void graph_moving();//图形移动
bool graph_no_moving(int location_x, int location_y,int id);//图形不能超界和不能变形处理
int graph_change(int id); //按‘w'键时，图形的改变
void graph_stop(); //图形停止的处理
void graph_disppear(int location_x, int location_y); //图形的消失（实质是得分）
bool game_end(); //游戏结束的判定
private:
const int graph[15][8];//记录每个每个图形的各点坐标
int graph_active_pos[32][26]{};//方块活动地图的各坐标点的状态
const int graph_with[15];//记录每个每个图形的宽度
int stop_tgraph_top;// 记录所有已经下落的方块中的最高点
};
Graphic::Graphic():
graph
{
//两个值一组分别代表x,y 坐标就比如方形图形数据可以这么来看(0,0),(2,0),(0,2),(2,2)
//由于每个方块由"■"的宽度为两个字符，所以x坐标成双增长
{0,0,2,0,0,1,2,1 }, //方形
{2,0,4,0,0,1,2,1},{0,0,0,1,2,1,2,2},// |_
// |形
{0,0,2,0,2,1,4,1},{2,0,0,1,2,1,0,2},//
{0,0,2,0,4,0,6,0},{0,0,0,1,0,2,0,3},//条形
{2,0,0,1,2,1,4,1},{0,0,0,1,2,1,0,2},{0,0,2,0,4,0,2,1},{2,0,0,1,2,1,2,2} ,//T形
{0,0,2,0,0,1,0,2},{0,0,0,1,2,1,4,1},{0,0,2,0,2,1,2,2} ,{0,0,2,0,4,0,0,1},
}, //L形
graph_with{ 2,3,2,3,2,4,1,3,2,3,2,2,3,2,3 },
location_x{ 14 },
location_y{ 1 },
graph_id{ 5 },
stop_tgraph_top{ 26 }
{
}
int main()
{
bool aganst{ false };
do
{
game_interdace interdace;
interdace.HideCursor();
interdace.start_interface();
interdace.map();
Graphic graph;
graph.graph_moving();
if (interdace.end_map())
{
aganst = true;
system("cls");
}
} while (aganst);
}
void game_interdace::start_interface()//游戏开始界面
{
color(2);
gotoxy(30, 2);
std::cout<<" 游戏说明 ";
color(3);
gotoxy(30, 5);
std::cout << " 请在英文输入法中输入wsad控制方块 ";
color(4);
gotoxy(30, 9);
std::cout << " 'w'为变形 \n";
gotoxy(30, 10);
std::cout << " 's'为快速下落 \n";
gotoxy(30, 11);
std::cout << " 'a'为左移 ";
gotoxy(30, 12);
std::cout << " 'd'为右移 ";
gotoxy(30, 14);
color(5);
std::cout << " 游戏等级 ";
gotoxy(30, 16);
color(5);
std::cout << "=====================================================";
color(3);
gotoxy(30, 18);
std::cout << " 游戏等级:(1)简单--(2)(困难)--(3)地狱";
gotoxy(30, 20);
color(5);
std::cout << "=====================================================";
gotoxy(30, 22);
color(7);
std::cout << " 等级越高，方块下落的速度越快，加油吧！ ";
gotoxy(30, 24);
color(9);
std::cout << " 请输入游戏等级（1-3）： ";
gotoxy(70, 24);
std::cin >> game_lv;
system("cls");
color(7);
}
void game_interdace::HideCursor()
{
CONSOLE_CURSOR_INFO cursor;
cursor.bVisible = FALSE;
cursor.dwSize = sizeof(4);
HANDLE handle = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
SetConsoleCursorInfo(handle, &cursor);
}
int game_interdace::color(int c)
{
SetConsoleTextAttribute(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE), c);
return 0;
}
void game_interdace::gotoxy(int x, int y)
{
COORD pos;
pos.X = x;
pos.Y = y;
SetConsoleCursorPosition(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE), pos);
}
void game_interdace::gotoprintf(int x, int y)
{
gotoxy(x, y);
printf("■");
}
void game_interdace::gotoclear(int x, int y)
{
gotoxy(x, y);
printf(" ");//"■"为两个字符，所以要覆盖两个字符
}
void game_interdace::map()
{
int x, y;//边框打印
for (x = 0; x < 47; x +=2)//从第0列开始到第52列，两个字符一个"■",一共27个”■“
{
gotoprintf(x, 0);
gotoprintf(x, 26);
}
for (y = 0; y < 27; y++)//从第0行开始到第26行
{
gotoprintf(0, y);
gotoprintf(32, y);
gotoprintf(46, y);
}//x两格为一个前进坐标单位，y一格为一个前进单位
}
bool game_interdace::end_map()
{
char isno{};
system("cls");
gotoprintf(14, 6);
std::cout << "游戏结束\n";
std::cout << " 输入【y】键继续游戏\n";
std::cout << " 输入【n】键结束游戏\n";
gotoxy(17, 10);
std::cin >> isno;
if (isno =='y')
{
return true;
}
else
{
return false;
}
}
int Graphic::random()
{
srand((int)time(NULL));
int number = rand()%15;
return number;
}
void Graphic::produce_graph(int location_x, int location_y,int id)
{
int X, Y;
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
{
X = location_x + graph[id][i * 2];
Y = location_y + graph[id][i * 2 + 1];
interdace.gotoprintf(X, Y);
}
}
void Graphic::clear_graph(int location_x, int location_y,int id)
{
int X, Y;
interdace.color(random()%15+1); //使下落过程中颜色随机变化(有黑色的)
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
{
X = location_x + graph[id][i * 2];
Y = location_y + graph[id][i * 2 + 1];
interdace.gotoclear(X, Y );
}
}
void Graphic::graph_moving()//按键后，如果符号要求就消除旧图形，打印新图形
{
int sign{}, sleep{ 400 };
graph_id = random();
next_graph_id = random();
produce_graph(36, 3, next_graph_id);
while (true)
{
sign = 0;
interdace.gotoxy(35, 9);
std::cout << "游戏分数：";
interdace.gotoxy(39, 11);
std::cout << interdace.grade * 10;
if (_kbhit())
{
sign = _getch();
}
clear_graph(location_x, location_y, graph_id);
switch (sign)
{
case 119: //如果按下’w'键，
location_y += 1;
if (graph_no_moving(location_x, location_y, graph_change(graph_id)))
{
location_y -= 1;
break;
}
graph_id = graph_change(graph_id);
break;
case 115: //如果按下s'键
sleep = 50;
location_y += 1;
break;
case 97: //如果按下a'键
location_x -= 2;
location_y += 1;
if (graph_no_moving(location_x, location_y, graph_id) )
{
location_x += 2;
location_y -= 1;
}
break;
case 100: //如果按下’d'键
location_x += 2;
location_y += 1;
if (graph_no_moving(location_x, location_y, graph_id) )
{
location_x -= 2;
location_y -= 1;
}
break;
default:
location_y += 1;
break;
}
produce_graph(location_x, location_y, graph_id); //按键结束后,打印新图形
Sleep(sleep);
sleep = (4- interdace.game_lv)*100;
graph_stop();//如果符合停止要求就停止
if (game_end())
{
break;
}
}
}
bool Graphic::graph_no_moving(int location_x, int location_y,int id)
{
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
{
int X, Y;
X = location_x + graph[id][i * 2];
Y = location_y + graph[id][i * 2 + 1];
if (location_x < 2 || graph_active_pos[X][Y] == 1 || location_x+ (graph_with[id]-1)*2 >30)
{
return true;
}
else return false;
}
return 0;//防止出现该路径没有返回值
}
int Graphic::graph_change(int id)
{
switch (id)
{
case 0: id = 0; break; //方形
case 1: id = 2; break;//|_
case 2: id = 1; break;// |
case 3: id = 4; break;//
case 4: id = 3; break;
case 5: id = 6; break;//条形
case 6: id = 5; break;
case 7: id = 8; break;//T形
case 8: id = 9; break;
case 9: id = 10; break;
case 10: id = 7; break;
case 11: id = 12; break;//L形
case 12: id = 13; break;
case 13: id = 14; break;
case 14: id = 11; break;
default:
break;
}
return id;
}
void Graphic::graph_stop()
{
int X{}, Y{};
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
{
X = location_x + graph[graph_id][i * 2];
Y = location_y + graph[graph_id][i * 2 + 1];
if (graph_active_pos[X][Y+1] == 1||Y>=25)
{
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
{
X = location_x + graph[graph_id][i * 2];
Y = location_y + graph[graph_id][i * 2 + 1];
graph_active_pos[X][Y] = 1;
}
if (stop_tgraph_top >location_y)
{
stop_tgraph_top = location_y;
}
graph_disppear(location_y, Y);
location_x = 14;//初始化初始坐标
location_y = 1;
clear_graph(36, 3, next_graph_id);//清除图形预览
graph_id = next_graph_id;
next_graph_id = random();
produce_graph(36, 3, next_graph_id);//生成新的图形预览
produce_graph(location_x, location_y, graph_id);//打印新的初始图形
}
}
}
void Graphic::graph_disppear(int location_y,int Y)
{
int count{ 0 };
bool isno{ false };
for (int line = location_y + graph[graph_id][7] ; line > location_y; line--)
{
count = 0;
isno = false;
for (int column = 2; column < 32; column +=2)
{
if (graph_active_pos[column][line]==1)
{
count++;
if (count==15)
{
count = 0;
interdace.grade++;
isno = true;
}
}
if (isno)
{
for (int ls = 2; ls < 32; ls+=2)
{
for (int i = line; i >= stop_tgraph_top; i--)
{
if (graph_active_pos[ls][i])
{
interdace.gotoclear(ls, i);
}
graph_active_pos[ls][i] = graph_active_pos[ls][i - 1];
if (graph_active_pos[ls][i])
{
interdace.gotoprintf(ls, i);
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
bool Graphic::game_end()
{
if (stop_tgraph_top <=1)return true;
else return false;
}
