【体验贴】Hyperledge Fabric2.2官网教程

   日期:2020-08-23     浏览:83    评论:0    
核心提示:Hyperledge Fabric 2.2 —— “getting started”如果可以,尽量直接读原文https://hyperledger-fabric.readthedocs.io/en/release-2.2/install.html如果时间仓促,可以看本文。1.软件预安装建议直接安装在Linux系统(可以安装虚拟机)中。(1)安装Git、cURL、Docker(2) 安装Fabric详情参考https://hyperledger-fabric.readthedocs.

Hyperledge Fabric 2.2 —— “getting started”

如果可以,尽量直接读原文
https://hyperledger-fabric.readthedocs.io/en/release-2.2/install.html
如果时间仓促,可以看本文。

1.软件预安装

建议直接安装在Linux系统(可以安装虚拟机)中。
(1)安装Git、cURL、Docker
(2) 安装Fabric

详情参考
https://hyperledger-fabric.readthedocs.io/en/release-2.2/prereqs.html

2.了解test-network

(1)确认成功安装预装软件
(2)运行网络
进入测试网络所在文件路径;关闭网络,删除之前运行的container、认证数据及链码。

$ cd fabric/test-network
$ ./network.sh down  

以默认配置启动网络,采用默认加密方式,未使用CA认证;

$ ./network up

如果想启动的网络的同时,启动一条默认通道,可以将上述命令替换成:

 ./network.sh up createChannel

如果需要自定义通道名

$ ./network createChannel -c 自定义通道名称

成功启动通道时效果如下:

========= Channel successfully joined ===========

查看当前Docker中运行的组件:

$ docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE                              COMMAND             CREATED              STATUS              PORTS                              NAMES
7742350cc363        hyperledger/fabric-peer:2.1.1      "peer node start"   About a minute ago   Up About a minute   7051/tcp, 0.0.0.0:9051->9051/tcp   peer0.org2.example.com
f55947826039        hyperledger/fabric-peer:2.1.1      "peer node start"   About a minute ago   Up About a minute   0.0.0.0:7051->7051/tcp             peer0.org1.example.com
7de556f811ac        hyperledger/fabric-orderer:2.1.1   "orderer"           About a minute ago   Up About a minute   0.0.0.0:7050->7050/tcp             orderer.example.com

合约部署命令:

./network.sh deployCC

部署后再次查看docker内容:

$ ./network.sh deployCC
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE                                                                                                                                                                    COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                              NAMES
ffa3c594fdc3        dev-peer0.org1.example.com-basic_1.0-4ec191e793b27e953ff2ede5a8bcc63152cecb1e4c3f301a26e22692c61967ad-42f57faac8360472e47cbbbf3940e81bba83439702d085878d148089a1b213ca   "chaincode -peer.add…"   3 minutes ago       Up 3 minutes                                           dev-peer0.org1.example.com-basic_1.0-4ec191e793b27e953ff2ede5a8bcc63152cecb1e4c3f301a26e22692c61967ad
72bb69e91f9a        dev-peer0.org2.example.com-basic_1.0-4ec191e793b27e953ff2ede5a8bcc63152cecb1e4c3f301a26e22692c61967ad-6c0d5b0755cb92ed5555bd2e8a8765a6f425d1ed5ed9a90e625e01939e2113be   "chaincode -peer.add…"   3 minutes ago       Up 3 minutes                                           dev-peer0.org2.example.com-basic_1.0-4ec191e793b27e953ff2ede5a8bcc63152cecb1e4c3f301a26e22692c61967ad
7742350cc363        hyperledger/fabric-peer:2.1.1                                                                                                                                            "peer node start"        10 minutes ago      Up 10 minutes       7051/tcp, 0.0.0.0:9051->9051/tcp   peer0.org2.example.com
f55947826039        hyperledger/fabric-peer:2.1.1                                                                                                                                            "peer node start"        10 minutes ago      Up 10 minutes       0.0.0.0:7051->7051/tcp             peer0.org1.example.com
7de556f811ac        hyperledger/fabric-orderer:2.1.1                                                                                                                                         "orderer"                10 minutes ago      Up 10 minutes       0.0.0.0:7050->7050/tcp             orderer.example.com

可以发现在两个组织节点上启动了链代码container。

3.体验合约交互

(1)环境参数配置
建议打开系统的环境配置文件,命令如下:

$ sudo gedit /etc/profile
$ source /etc/profile 

增加两行代码:

$ export PATH=上级目录/fabric/bin/
#将peer等命令路径预规划,便于直接使用
$ export FABRIC_CFG_PATH=上级目录/fabric/bin/
#指定配置文件路径 

上述代码仅在fabric文件夹移动位置时需要变化。
接着,回到test-network文件夹:
在终端运行以下代码,即设定当前用户权限为Org1

 # Environment variables for Org1 
 以org1权限运行peer
export CORE_PEER_TLS_ENABLED=true
export CORE_PEER_LOCALMSPID="Org1MSP"
export CORE_PEER_TLS_ROOTCERT_FILE=${PWD}/organizations/peerOrganizations/org1.example.com/peers/peer0.org1.example.com/tls/ca.crt
export CORE_PEER_MSPCONFIGPATH=${PWD}/organizations/peerOrganizations/org1.example.com/users/Admin@org1.example.com/msp
export CORE_PEER_ADDRESS=localhost:7051

此时,已经完成了Org1权限的环境参数的配置。
(2)链码初始化
首先初始化账本信息,并赋予原始资产信息。需要在任意路径下,打开终端输入:

peer chaincode invoke -o localhost:7050 --ordererTLSHostnameOverride orderer.example.com --tls --cafile \
${PWD}/organizations/ordererOrganizations/example.com/orderers/orderer.example.com/msp/tlscacerts/tlsca.example.com-cert.pem\
 -C mychannel -n basic --peerAddresses localhost:7051 --tlsRootCertFiles \
${PWD}/organizations/peerOrganizations/org1.example.com/peers/peer0.org1.example.com/tls/ca.crt\
  --peerAddresses localhost:9051 --tlsRootCertFiles \
${PWD}/organizations/peerOrganizations/org2.example.com/peers/peer0.org2.example.com/tls/ca.crt \
  -c '{"function":"InitLedger","Args":[]}'

如果成功,会提示:

[chaincodeCmd] chaincodeInvokeOrQuery -> INFO 001 Chaincode invoke successful. result: status:200 

现在就可以利用CLI进行链上资产的查询了。

peer chaincode query -C mychannel -n basic -c '{"Args":["GetAllAssets"]}'

如果查询账本数据成功,会输出如下信息:

[{"ID":"asset1","color":"blue","size":5,"owner":"Tomoko","appraisedValue":300},
{"ID":"asset2","color":"red","size":5,"owner":"Brad","appraisedValue":400},
{"ID":"asset3","color":"green","size":10,"owner":"Jin Soo","appraisedValue":500},
{"ID":"asset4","color":"yellow","size":10,"owner":"Max","appraisedValue":600},
{"ID":"asset5","color":"black","size":15,"owner":"Adriana","appraisedValue":700},
{"ID":"asset6","color":"white","size":15,"owner":"Michel","appraisedValue":800}]

接着,我们继续激活链码。
当一个网络成员想要转移或者改变账本中的资产记录时,链码会被调用并激活。
我们先尝试改变账本数据资产,可输入以下命令:

peer chaincode invoke -o localhost:7050 --ordererTLSHostnameOverride orderer.example.com --tls --cafile \
${PWD}/organizations/ordererOrganizations/example.com/orderers/orderer.example.com/msp/tlscacerts/tlsca.example.com-cert.pem -C mychannel -n basic --peerAddresses localhost:7051 --tlsRootCertFiles \
${PWD}/organizations/peerOrganizations/org1.example.com/peers/peer0.org1.example.com/tls/ca.crt --peerAddresses localhost:9051 --tlsRootCertFiles \
${PWD}/organizations/peerOrganizations/org2.example.com/peers/peer0.org2.example.com/tls/ca.crt -c \
'{"function":"TransferAsset","Args":["asset6","Christopher"]}'

这里我们将“asset6”的所有者从Michel改成了Christopher。
如果操作成功,可以看到以下输出:

[chaincodeCmd] chaincodeInvokeOrQuery -> INFO 001 Chaincode invoke successful. result: status:200 

此时,我们可以检查一下链上资产是否完成更新:

peer chaincode query -C mychannel -n basic -c '{"Args":["GetAllAssets"]}'

此时输出如下:

[{"ID":"asset1","color":"blue","size":5,"owner":"Tomoko","appraisedValue":300},
{"ID":"asset2","color":"red","size":5,"owner":"Brad","appraisedValue":400},
{"ID":"asset3","color":"green","size":10,"owner":"Jin Soo","appraisedValue":500},
{"ID":"asset4","color":"yellow","size":10,"owner":"Max","appraisedValue":600},
{"ID":"asset5","color":"black","size":15,"owner":"Adriana","appraisedValue":700},
{"ID":"asset6","color":"white","size":15,"owner":"Christopher","appraisedValue":800}]

可以发现当前asset6中Michel已经更新为成了Christopher。
(3)链上信息查询
为了丰富体验,咱们现在更改系统设置,切换成org2权限。

export CORE_PEER_TLS_ENABLED=true
export CORE_PEER_LOCALMSPID="Org2MSP"
export CORE_PEER_TLS_ROOTCERT_FILE=${PWD}/organizations/peerOrganizations/org2.example.com/peers/peer0.org2.example.com/tls/ca.crt
export CORE_PEER_MSPCONFIGPATH=${PWD}/organizations/peerOrganizations/org2.example.com/users/Admin@org2.example.com/msp
export CORE_PEER_ADDRESS=localhost:9051

接着利用peer命令查询:

peer chaincode query -C mychannel -n basic -c '{"Args":["ReadAsset","asset6"]}'

输出结果:

{"ID":"asset6","color":"white","size":15,"owner":"Christopher","appraisedValue":800}

此时,数据查询功能验证成功。
(4)关闭网络

./network.sh down

此时会关闭所有节点和服务,并删除所有网络上数据。

(5)CA认证
当使用

./network.sh up

启动网络时,会默认使用加密工具产生证书和密钥。
显示页面如下:

##########################################################
##### Generate certificates using cryptogen tool #########
##########################################################

##########################################################
############ Create Org1 Identities ######################
##########################################################
+ cryptogen generate --config=./organizations/cryptogen/crypto-config-org1.yaml --output=organizations
org1.example.com
+ res=0
+ set +x
##########################################################
############ Create Org2 Identities ######################
##########################################################
+ cryptogen generate --config=./organizations/cryptogen/crypto-config-org2.yaml --output=organizations
org2.example.com
+ res=0
+ set +x
##########################################################
############ Create Orderer Org Identities ###############
##########################################################
+ cryptogen generate --config=./organizations/cryptogen/crypto-config-orderer.yaml --output=organizations
+ res=0
+ set +x

如果想通过CA认证启动网络,可以按照如下操作:

$ ./network.sh down
$ ./network.sh up -ca 指明ca选项并启动网络

所有CA创建的组织内公用的身份认证分享同一个根的认证。
此时可通过

$ docker ps

查看当前运行的container:

CONTAINER ID        IMAGE                              COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS                  PORTS                              NAMES
595627111b48        hyperledger/fabric-peer:2.1.1      "peer node start"        1 second ago        Up Less than a second   0.0.0.0:7051->7051/tcp             peer0.org1.example.com
6e60ae003206        hyperledger/fabric-orderer:2.1.1   "orderer"                1 second ago        Up Less than a second   0.0.0.0:7050->7050/tcp             orderer.example.com
013721847d3f        hyperledger/fabric-peer:2.1.1      "peer node start"        1 second ago        Up Less than a second   7051/tcp, 0.0.0.0:9051->9051/tcp   peer0.org2.example.com
5e7aced69e8d        hyperledger/fabric-ca:latest       "sh -c 'fabric-ca-se…"   15 seconds ago      Up 14 seconds           0.0.0.0:7054->7054/tcp             ca_org1
1f7ae4e461e4        hyperledger/fabric-ca:latest       "sh -c 'fabric-ca-se…"   15 seconds ago      Up 14 seconds           7054/tcp, 0.0.0.0:8054->8054/tcp   ca_org2
5a0ddf2ba098        hyperledger/fabric-ca:latest       "sh -c 'fabric-ca-se…"   15 seconds ago      Up 14 seconds           7054/tcp, 0.0.0.0:9054->9054/tcp   ca_orderer

可以发现,不论组织内peer还是orderer节点都会产生对应ca-containner,用于标明身份。

如果安装有tree包(没有的话,利用apt-get install tree安装)

└── msp
    ├── cacerts
    │   └── localhost-7054-ca-org1.pem
    ├── config.yaml
    ├── IssuerPublicKey
    ├── IssuerRevocationPublicKey
    ├── keystore
    │   └── 588bd82c95c1f6768d8fbbe9eb93101f6e1838279e7aee43253d2131c29e4c34_sk
    ├── signcerts
    │   └── cert.pem
    └── user

4.回顾

(1)./network.sh 为两个peer组织和orderer组织创建密钥和证书;默认的脚本会调用organizations/cryptogen文件夹中的加密工具。如果使用-ca标志去创建CA,脚本将调用Fabric CA服务配置文档和registerEnroll.sh脚本。不管CA组件还是默认的加密工具都为三个组织在organizations文件夹中创建了加密材料和MSP文件夹。

(2)脚本中调用configxgen工具去创建系统通道的genesis区块。配置通道文件位于/fabric/config,创建的genesis块存储在/fabric/test-network/system-genesis-block文件夹。

(3)当加密材料和系统通道genesis区块创建成功之后,脚本会调用fabric/test-network/docker/docker-compose-test-net.yaml文件去创建组织节点和打包节点。

(4)createChannel子命令调用configtx.yaml去创建peer0.org1.example.com和peer0.org2.example.com通道。

(5)调用deployCC命令时,会调用/test-network/script/deployCC.sh脚本在所有节点安装链码并在通道上进行链码定义(声明接口)。一旦链码上传到通道,节点通过cli工具调用Init、触发/激活链码。

 
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