本文是鉴于有些粉丝的工作需求,有时候需要遇到这些文件的处理。因此,我写了一个文章集合,供大家参考,整篇文章已经整理成册(如下图所示),如有需求,请私聊!
目录
章节一:python使用openpyxl操作excel
1、openpyxl库介绍
2、python怎么打开及读取表格内容?
1)Excel表格述语
2)打开Excel表格并获取表格名称
3)通过sheet名称获取表格
4)获取表格的尺寸大小
5)获取表格内某个格子的数据
① sheet[“A1”]方式
② sheet.cell(row=, column=)方式
6)获取某个格子的行数、列数、坐标
7)获取一系列格子
① sheet[]方式
② .iter_rows()方式
③ sheet.rows()
3、python如何向excel中写入某些内容?
1)修改表格中的内容
① 向某个格子中写入内容并保存
② .append():向表格中插入行数据
③ 在python中使用excel函数公式(很有用)
④ .insert_cols()和.insert_rows():插入空行和空列
⑤ .delete_rows()和.delete_cols():删除行和列
⑥ .move_range():移动格子
⑦ .create_sheet():创建新的sheet表格
⑧ .remove():删除某个sheet表
⑨ .copy_worksheet():复制一个sheet表到另外一张excel表
⑩ sheet.title:修改sheet表的名称
⑪ 创建新的excel表格文件
⑫ sheet.freeze_panes:冻结窗口
⑬ sheet.auto_filter.ref:给表格添加“筛选器”
4、批量调整字体和样式
1)修改字体样式
2)获取表格中格子的字体样式
3)设置对齐样式
4)设置边框样式
5)设置填充样式
6)设置行高和列宽
7)合并单元格
章节二:python使用PyPDF2和pdfplumber操作pdf
1、PyPDF2和pdfplumber库介绍
2、python提取PDF文字内容
1)利用pdfplumber提取文字
2)利用pdfplumber提取表格并写入excel
3、PDF合并及页面的排序和旋转
1)分割及合并pdf
① 合并pdf
② 拆分pdf
2)旋转及排序pdf
① 旋转pdf
② 排序pdf
4、pdf批量加水印及加密、解密
1)批量加水印
2)批量加密、解密
① 加密pdf
② 解密pdf并保存为未加密的pdf
章节三:python使用python-docx操作word
1、python-docx库介绍
2、Python读取Word文档内容
1)word文档结构介绍
2)python-docx提取文字和文字块儿
① python-docx提取文字
② python-docx提取文字块儿
3)利用Python向Word文档写入内容
① 添加段落
② 添加文字块儿
③ 添加一个分页
④ 添加图片
⑤ 添加表格
⑥ 提取word表格,并保存在excel中(很重要)
3、利用Python调整Word文档样式
1)修改文字字体样式
2)修改段落样式
① 对齐样式
② 行间距调整
③ 段前与段后间距
章节一:python使用openpyxl操作excel
1、openpyxl库介绍
- openpyxl最好用的python操作excel表格库,不接受反驳;
- openpyxl官网链接:openpyxl官网
- openpyxl只支持【.xlsx / .xlsm / .xltx / .xltm】格式的文件;
2、python怎么打开及读取表格内容?
1)Excel表格述语
这里需要大家仔细查看图中的每一项内容,知道什么是“行(row)、列(column)”?什么是“格子(cell)”?什么是“sheet表”?
2)打开Excel表格并获取表格名称
from openpyxl import load_workbook
workbook = load_workbook(filename = "test.xlsx")
workbook.sheetnames
结果如下:
3)通过sheet名称获取表格
from openpyxl import load_workbook
workbook = load_workbook(filename = "test.xlsx")
workbook.sheetnames
sheet = workbook["Sheet1"]
print(sheet)
结果如下:
4)获取表格的尺寸大小
- 这里所说的尺寸大小,指的是excel表格中的数据有几行几列,针对的是不同的sheet而言。
sheet.dimensions
结果如下:
5)获取表格内某个格子的数据
① sheet[“A1”]方式
workbook = load_workbook(filename = "test.xlsx")
sheet = workbook.active
print(sheet)
cell1 = sheet["A1"]
cell2 = sheet["C11"]
print(cell1.value, cell2.value)
""" workbook.active 打开激活的表格; sheet["A1"] 获取A1格子的数据; cell.value 获取格子中的值; """
结果如下:
② sheet.cell(row=, column=)方式
- 这种方式更简单,大家可以对比这两种方式;
workbook = load_workbook(filename = "test.xlsx")
sheet = workbook.active
print(sheet)
cell1 = sheet.cell(row = 1,column = 1)
cell2 = sheet.cell(row = 11,column = 3)
print(cell1.value, cell2.value)
结果如下:
6)获取某个格子的行数、列数、坐标
workbook = load_workbook(filename = "test.xlsx")
sheet = workbook.active
print(sheet)
cell1 = sheet["A1"]
cell2 = sheet["C11"]
print(cell1.value, cell1.row, cell1.column, cell1.coordinate)
print(cell2.value, cell2.row, cell2.column, cell2.coordinate)
""" .row 获取某个格子的行数; .columns 获取某个格子的列数; .corordinate 获取某个格子的坐标; """
结果如下:
7)获取一系列格子
① sheet[]方式
workbook = load_workbook(filename = "test.xlsx")
sheet = workbook.active
print(sheet)
# 获取A1:C2区域的值
cell = sheet["A1:C2"]
print(cell)
for i in cell:
for j in i:
print(j.value)
结果如下:
特别的:如果我们只想获取“A列”,或者获取“A-C列”,可以采取如下方式:
sheet["A"] --- 获取A列的数据
sheet["A:C"] --- 获取A,B,C三列的数据
sheet[5] --- 只获取第5行的数据
② .iter_rows()方式
- 当然有.iter_rows()方式,肯定也会有.iter_cols()方式,只不过一个是按行读取,一个是按列读取。
workbook = load_workbook(filename = "test.xlsx")
sheet = workbook.active
print(sheet)
# 按行获取值
for i in sheet.iter_rows(min_row=2, max_row=5, min_col=1, max_col=2):
for j in i:
print(j.value)
# 按列获取值
for i in sheet.iter_cols(min_row=2, max_row=5, min_col=1, max_col=2):
for j in i:
print(j.value)
结果如下:
③ sheet.rows()
- 帮助我们获取所有行
workbook = load_workbook(filename = "test.xlsx")
sheet = workbook.active
print(sheet)
for i in sheet.rows:
print(i)
结果如下:
3、python如何向excel中写入某些内容?
1)修改表格中的内容
① 向某个格子中写入内容并保存
workbook = load_workbook(filename = "test.xlsx")
sheet = workbook.active
print(sheet)
sheet["A1"] = "哈喽" # 这句代码也可以改为cell = sheet["A1"] cell.value = "哈喽"
workbook.save(filename = "哈喽.xlsx")
""" 注意:我们将“A1”单元格的数据改为了“哈喽”,并另存为了“哈喽.xlsx”文件。 如果我们保存的时候,不修改表名,相当于直接修改源文件; """
结果如下:
② .append():向表格中插入行数据
- .append()方式:会在表格已有的数据后面,增添这些数(按行插入);
- 这个操作很有用,爬虫得到的数据,可以使用该方式保存成Excel文件;
workbook = load_workbook(filename = "test.xlsx")
sheet = workbook.active
print(sheet)
data = [
["唐僧","男","180cm"],
["孙悟空","男","188cm"],
["猪八戒","男","175cm"],
["沙僧","男","176cm"],
]
for row in data:
sheet.append(row)
workbook.save(filename = "test.xlsx")
结果如下:
③ 在python中使用excel函数公式(很有用)
# 这是我们在excel中输入的公式
=IF(RIGHT(C2,2)="cm",C2,SUBSTITUTE(C2,"m","")*100&"cm")
# 那么,在python中怎么插入excel公式呢?
workbook = load_workbook(filename = "test.xlsx")
sheet = workbook.active
print(sheet)
sheet["D1"] = "标准身高"
for i in range(2,16):
sheet["D{}".format(i)] = '=IF(RIGHt(C{},2)="cm",C{},SUBSTITUTE(C{},"m","")*100&"cm")'.format(i,i,i)
workbook.save(filename = "test.xlsx")
结果如下:
此时,你肯定会好奇,python究竟支持写哪些“excel函数公式”呢?我们可以使用如下操作查看一下。
import openpyxl
from openpyxl.utils import FORMULAE
print(FORMULAE)
结果如下:
④ .insert_cols()和.insert_rows():插入空行和空列
- .insert_cols(idx=数字编号, amount=要插入的列数),插入的位置是在idx列数的左侧插入;
- .insert_rows(idx=数字编号, amount=要插入的行数),插入的行数是在idx行数的下方插入;
workbook = load_workbook(filename = "test.xlsx")
sheet = workbook.active
print(sheet)
sheet.insert_cols(idx=4,amount=2)
sheet.insert_rows(idx=5,amount=4)
workbook.save(filename = "test.xlsx")
结果如下:
⑤ .delete_rows()和.delete_cols():删除行和列
- .delete_rows(idx=数字编号, amount=要删除的行数)
- .delete_cols(idx=数字编号, amount=要删除的列数)
workbook = load_workbook(filename = "test.xlsx")
sheet = workbook.active
print(sheet)
# 删除第一列,第一行
sheet.delete_cols(idx=1)
sheet.delete_rows(idx=1)
workbook.save(filename = "test.xlsx")
结果如下:
⑥ .move_range():移动格子
- .move_range(“数据区域”,rows=,cols=):正整数为向下或向右、负整数为向左或向上;
# 向左移动两列,向下移动两行
sheet.move_range("C1:D4",rows=2,cols=-1)
演示效果如下:
⑦ .create_sheet():创建新的sheet表格
- .create_sheet(“新的sheet名”):创建一个新的sheet表;
workbook = load_workbook(filename = "test.xlsx")
sheet = workbook.active
print(sheet)
workbook.create_sheet("我是一个新的sheet")
print(workbook.sheetnames)
workbook.save(filename = "test.xlsx")
结果如下:
⑧ .remove():删除某个sheet表
- .remove(“sheet名”):删除某个sheet表;
workbook = load_workbook(filename = "test.xlsx")
sheet = workbook.active
print(workbook.sheetnames)
# 这个相当于激活的这个sheet表,激活状态下,才可以操作;
sheet = workbook['我是一个新的sheet']
print(sheet)
workbook.remove(sheet)
print(workbook.sheetnames)
workbook.save(filename = "test.xlsx")
结果如下:
⑨ .copy_worksheet():复制一个sheet表到另外一张excel表
- 这个操作的实质,就是复制某个excel表中的sheet表,然后将文件存储到另外一张excel表中;
workbook = load_workbook(filename = "a.xlsx")
sheet = workbook.active
print("a.xlsx中有这几个sheet表",workbook.sheetnames)
sheet = workbook['姓名']
workbook.copy_worksheet(sheet)
workbook.save(filename = "test.xlsx")
结果如下:
⑩ sheet.title:修改sheet表的名称
- .title = “新的sheet表名”
workbook = load_workbook(filename = "a.xlsx")
sheet = workbook.active
print(sheet)
sheet.title = "我是修改后的sheet名"
print(sheet)
结果如下:
⑪ 创建新的excel表格文件
from openpyxl import Workbook
workbook = Workbook()
sheet = workbook.active
sheet.title = "表格1"
workbook.save(filename = "新建的excel表格")
结果如下:
⑫ sheet.freeze_panes:冻结窗口
- .freeze_panes = “单元格”
workbook = load_workbook(filename = "花园.xlsx")
sheet = workbook.active
print(sheet)
sheet.freeze_panes = "C3"
workbook.save(filename = "花园.xlsx")
""" 冻结窗口以后,你可以打开源文件,进行检验; """
结果如下:
⑬ sheet.auto_filter.ref:给表格添加“筛选器”
- .auto_filter.ref = sheet.dimension 给所有字段添加筛选器;
- .auto_filter.ref = “A1” 给A1这个格子添加“筛选器”,就是给第一列添加“筛选器”;
workbook = load_workbook(filename = "花园.xlsx")
sheet = workbook.active
print(sheet)
sheet.auto_filter.ref = sheet["A1"]
workbook.save(filename = "花园.xlsx")
结果如下:
4、批量调整字体和样式
1)修改字体样式
- Font(name=字体名称,size=字体大小,bold=是否加粗,italic=是否斜体,color=字体颜色)
from openpyxl.styles import Font
from openpyxl import load_workbook
workbook = load_workbook(filename="花园.xlsx")
sheet = workbook.active
cell = sheet["A1"]
font = Font(name="微软雅黑",size=20,bold=True,italic=True,color="FF0000")
cell.font = font
workbook.save(filename = "花园.xlsx")
""" 这个color是RGB的16进制表示,自己下去百度学习; """
结果如下:
2)获取表格中格子的字体样式
from openpyxl.styles import Font
from openpyxl import load_workbook
workbook = load_workbook(filename="花园.xlsx")
sheet = workbook.active
cell = sheet["A2"]
font = cell.font
print(font.name, font.size, font.bold, font.italic, font.color)
结果如下:
3)设置对齐样式
- Alignment(horizontal=水平对齐模式,vertical=垂直对齐模式,text_rotation=旋转角度,wrap_text=是否自动换行)
- 水平对齐:‘distributed’,‘justify’,‘center’,‘leftfill’, ‘centerContinuous’,‘right,‘general’;
- 垂直对齐:‘bottom’,‘distributed’,‘justify’,‘center’,‘top’;
from openpyxl.styles import Alignment
from openpyxl import load_workbook
workbook = load_workbook(filename="花园.xlsx")
sheet = workbook.active
cell = sheet["A1"]
alignment = Alignment(horizontal="center",vertical="center",text_rotation=45,wrap_text=True)
cell.alignment = alignment
workbook.save(filename = "花园.xlsx")
结果如下:
4)设置边框样式
- Side(style=边线样式,color=边线颜色)
- Border(left=左边线样式,right=右边线样式,top=上边线样式,bottom=下边线样式)
- style参数的种类: 'double, ‘mediumDashDotDot’, ‘slantDashDot’,‘dashDotDot’,‘dotted’,‘hair’, 'mediumDashed, ‘dashed’, ‘dashDot’, ‘thin’,‘mediumDashDot’,‘medium’, 'thick’from openpyxl.styles import Side,Borderfrom
openpyxl import load_workbook
workbook = load_workbook(filename="花园.xlsx")
sheet = workbook.active
cell = sheet["D6"]
side1 = Side(style="thin",color="FF0000")
side2 = Side(style="thick",color="FFFF0000")
border = Border(left=side1,right=side1,top=side2,bottom=side2)
cell.border = border
workbook.save(filename = "花园.xlsx")
结果如下:
5)设置填充样式
- PatternFill(fill_type=填充样式,fgColor=填充颜色)
- GradientFill(stop=(渐变颜色1,渐变颜色2……))
from openpyxl.styles import PatternFill,GradientFill
from openpyxl import load_workbook
workbook = load_workbook(filename="花园.xlsx")
sheet = workbook.active
cell_b9 = sheet["B9"]
pattern_fill = PatternFill(fill_type="solid",fgColor="99ccff")
cell_b9.fill = pattern_fill
cell_b10 = sheet["B10"]
gradient_fill = GradientFill(stop=("FFFFFF","99ccff","000000"))
cell_b10.fill = gradient_fill
workbook.save(filename = "花园.xlsx")
结果如下:
6)设置行高和列宽
- .row_dimensions[行编号].height = 行高
- .column_dimensions[列编号].width = 列宽
workbook = load_workbook(filename="花园.xlsx")
sheet = workbook.active
# 设置第1行的高度
sheet.row_dimensions[1].height = 50
# 设置B列的宽度
sheet.column_dimensions["B"].width = 20
workbook.save(filename = "花园.xlsx")
""" sheet.row_dimensions.height = 50 sheet.column_dimensions.width = 30 这两句代码,是将整个表的行高设置为50,列宽设置为30; """
结果如下:
7)合并单元格
- .merge_cells(待合并的格子编号)
- .merge_cells(start_row=起始行号,start_column=起始列号,end_row=结束行号,end_column=结束列号)
workbook = load_workbook(filename="花园.xlsx")
sheet = workbook.active
sheet.merge_cells("C1:D2")
sheet.merge_cells(start_row=7,start_column=1,end_row=8,end_column=3)
workbook.save(filename = "花园.xlsx")
结果如下:
当然,也有“取消合并单元格”,用法一致。
- .unmerge_cells(待合并的格子编号)
- .unmerge_cells(start_row=起始行号,start_column=起始列号,end_row=结束行号,end_column=结束列号)
章节二:python使用PyPDF2和pdfplumber操作pdf
1、PyPDF2和pdfplumber库介绍
- PyPDF2官网: PyPDF2官网 ,可以更好的读取、写入、分割、合并PDF文件;
- pdfplumber官网:pdfplumber官网,可以更好地读取PDF文件内容和提取PDF中的表格;
- 这两个库不属于python标准库,都需要单独安装;
2、python提取PDF文字内容
1)利用pdfplumber提取文字
import PyPDF2
import pdfplumber
with pdfplumber.open("餐饮企业综合分析.pdf") as p:
page = p.pages[2]
print(page.extract_text())
结果如下:
2)利用pdfplumber提取表格并写入excel
- extract_table():如果一页有一个表格;
- extract_tables():如果一页有多个表格;
import PyPDF2
import pdfplumber
from openpyxl import Workbook
with pdfplumber.open("餐饮企业综合分析.pdf") as p:
page = p.pages[4]
table = page.extract_table()
print(table)
workbook = Workbook()
sheet = workbook.active
for row in table:
if not "".join() == ""
sheet.append(row)
workbook.save(filename = "新pdf.xlsx")
结果如下:
缺陷:可以看到,这里提取出来的表格有很多空行,怎么去掉这些空行呢?
判断:将列表中每个元素都连接成一个字符串,如果还是一个空字符串那么肯定就是空行。
import PyPDF2
import pdfplumber
from openpyxl import Workbook
with pdfplumber.open("餐饮企业综合分析.pdf") as p:
page = p.pages[4]
table = page.extract_table()
print(table)
workbook = Workbook()
sheet = workbook.active
for row in table:
if not "".join([str(i) for i in row]) == "":
sheet.append(row)
workbook.save(filename = "新pdf.xlsx")
结果如下:
3、PDF合并及页面的排序和旋转
1)分割及合并pdf
① 合并pdf
首先,我们有如下几个文件,可以发现这里共有三个PDF文件需要我们合并。同时可以发现他们的文件名都是有规律的(如果文件名,没有先后顺序,我们合并起来就没有意义了。)
代码如下:
from PyPDF2 import PdfFileReader, PdfFileWriter
pdf_writer = PdfFileWriter()
for i in range(1,len(os.listdir(r"G:\6Tipdm\7python办公自动化\concat_pdf"))+1):
print(i*50+1,(i+1)*50)
pdf_reader = PdfFileReader("G:\\6Tipdm\\7python办公自动化\\concat_pdf\{}-{}.pdf".format(i*50+1,(i+1)*50))
for page in range(pdf_reader.getNumPages()):
pdf_writer.addPage(pdf_reader.getPage(page))
with open("G:\\6Tipdm\\7python办公自动化\\concat_pdf\merge.pdf", "wb") as out:
pdf_writer.write(out)
结果如下:
② 拆分pdf
这里有一个“时间序列.pdf”的文件,共3页,我们将其每一页存为一个PDF文件。
代码如下:
from PyPDF2 import PdfFileReader, PdfFileWriter
pdf_reader = PdfFileReader(r"G:\6Tipdm\7python办公自动化\concat_pdf\时间序列.pdf")
for page in range(pdf_reader.getNumPages()):
pdf_writer = PdfFileWriter()
pdf_writer.addPage(pdf_reader.getPage(page))
with open(f"G:\\6Tipdm\\7python办公自动化\\concat_pdf\\{page}.pdf", "wb") as out:
pdf_writer.write(out)
结果如下:
2)旋转及排序pdf
① 旋转pdf
- .rotateClockwise(90的倍数):顺时针旋转90度
- .rotateCounterClockwise(90的倍数):逆时针旋转90度
from PyPDF2 import PdfFileReader, PdfFileWriter
pdf_reader = PdfFileReader(r"G:\6Tipdm\7python办公自动化\concat_pdf\时间序列.pdf")
pdf_writer = PdfFileWriter()
for page in range(pdf_reader.getNumPages()):
if page % 2 == 0:
rotation_page = pdf_reader.getPage(page).rotateCounterClockwise(90)
else:
rotation_page = pdf_reader.getPage(page).rotateClockwise(90)
pdf_writer.addPage(rotation_page)
with open("G:\\6Tipdm\\7python办公自动化\\concat_pdf\\旋转.pdf", "wb") as out:
pdf_writer.write(out)
""" 上述代码中,我们循环遍历了这个pdf,对于偶数页我们逆时针旋转90°,对于奇数页我们顺时针旋转90°; 注意:旋转的角度只能是90的倍数; """
其中一页效果展示如下:
② 排序pdf
需求:我们有一个PDF文件,我们需要倒序排列,应该怎么做呢?
首先,我们来看python中,怎么倒叙打印一串数字,如下图所示。
那么倒序排列一个pdf,思路同上,代码如下:
from PyPDF2 import PdfFileReader, PdfFileWriter
pdf_reader = PdfFileReader(r"G:\6Tipdm\7python办公自动化\concat_pdf\时间序列.pdf")
pdf_writer = PdfFileWriter()
for page in range(pdf_reader.getNumPages()-1, -1, -1):
pdf_writer.addPage(pdf_reader.getPage(page))
with open("G:\\6Tipdm\\7python办公自动化\\concat_pdf\\倒序.pdf", "wb") as out:
pdf_writer.write(out)
结果如下:
4、pdf批量加水印及加密、解密
1)批量加水印
from PyPDF2 import PdfFileReader, PdfFileWriter
from copy import copy
water = PdfFileReader(r"G:\6Tipdm\7python办公自动化\concat_pdf\水印.pdf")
water_page = water.getPage(0)
pdf_reader = PdfFileReader(r"G:\6Tipdm\7python办公自动化\concat_pdf\aa.pdf")
pdf_writer = PdfFileWriter()
for page in range(pdf_reader.getNumPages()):
my_page = pdf_reader.getPage(page)
new_page = copy(water_page)
new_page.mergePage(my_page)
pdf_writer.addPage(new_page)
with open("G:\\6Tipdm\\7python办公自动化\\concat_pdf\\添加水印后的aa.pdf", "wb") as out:
pdf_writer.write(out)
""" 这里有一点需要注意:进行pdf合并的时候,我们希望“水印”在下面,文字在上面,因此是“水印”.mergePage(“图片页”) """
结果如下:
2)批量加密、解密
- 这里所说的“解密”,是在知道pdf的密码下,去打开pdf,而不是暴力破解;
① 加密pdf
from PyPDF2 import PdfFileReader, PdfFileWriter
pdf_reader = PdfFileReader(r"G:\6Tipdm\7python办公自动化\concat_pdf\时间序列.pdf")
pdf_writer = PdfFileWriter()
for page in range(pdf_reader.getNumPages()):
pdf_writer.addPage(pdf_reader.getPage(page))
# 添加密码
pdf_writer.encrypt("a123456")
with open("G:\\6Tipdm\\7python办公自动化\\concat_pdf\\时间序列.pdf", "wb") as out:
pdf_writer.write(out)
结果如下:
② 解密pdf并保存为未加密的pdf
from PyPDF2 import PdfFileReader, PdfFileWriter
pdf_reader = PdfFileReader(r"G:\6Tipdm\7python办公自动化\concat_pdf\时间序列.pdf")
# 解密pdf
pdf_reader.decrypt("a123456")
pdf_writer = PdfFileWriter()
for page in range(pdf_reader.getNumPages()):
pdf_writer.addPage(pdf_reader.getPage(page))
with open("G:\\6Tipdm\\7python办公自动化\\concat_pdf\\未加密的时间序列.pdf", "wb") as out:
pdf_writer.write(out)
结果如下:
章节三:python使用python-docx操作word
1、python-docx库介绍
- 该模块儿可以创建、修改Word(.docx)文件;
- 此模块儿不属于python标准库,需要单独安装;
- python-docx使用官网: python-docx官网
- 我们在安装此模块儿使用的是pip install python-docx,但是在导入的时候是import docx;
2、Python读取Word文档内容
- 注意:每进行一个操作,必须保存一下,否则等于白做;
1)word文档结构介绍
2)python-docx提取文字和文字块儿
① python-docx提取文字
有一个这样的docx文件,我们想要提取其中的文字,应该怎么做?
代码如下:
from docx import Document
doc = Document(r"G:\6Tipdm\7python办公自动化\concat_word\test1.docx")
print(doc.paragraphs)
for paragraph in doc.paragraphs:
print(paragraph.text)
结果如下:
② python-docx提取文字块儿
from docx import Document
doc = Document(r"G:\6Tipdm\7python办公自动化\concat_word\test1.docx")
print(doc.paragraphs)
paragraph = doc.paragraphs[0]
runs = paragraph.runs
print(runs)
for run in paragraph.runs:
print(run.text)
------------------------------
paragraph = doc.paragraphs[1]
runs = paragraph.runs
print(runs)
for run in paragraph.runs:
print(run.text)
结果如下:
3)利用Python向Word文档写入内容
① 添加段落
from docx import Document
doc = Document(r"G:\6Tipdm\7python办公自动化\concat_word\test1.docx")
# print(doc.add_heading("一级标题", level=1)) 添加一级标题的时候出错,还没有解决!
paragraph1 = doc.add_paragraph("这是一个段落")
paragraph2 = doc.add_paragraph("这是第二个段落")
doc.save(r"G:\6Tipdm\7python办公自动化\concat_word\test1.docx")
""" 添加段落的时候,赋值给一个变量,方便我们后面进行格式调整; """
结果如下:
② 添加文字块儿
from docx import Document
doc = Document(r"G:\6Tipdm\7python办公自动化\concat_word\test1.docx")
# 这里相当于输入了一个空格,后面等待着文字输入
paragraph3 = doc.add_paragraph()
paragraph3.add_run("我被加粗了文字块儿").bold = True
paragraph3.add_run(",我是普通文字块儿,")
paragraph3.add_run("我是斜体文字块儿").italic = True
doc.save(r"G:\6Tipdm\7python办公自动化\concat_word\test1.docx")
结果如下:
③ 添加一个分页
from docx import Document
doc = Document(r"G:\6Tipdm\7python办公自动化\concat_word\test1.docx")
doc.add_page_break()
doc.save(r"G:\6Tipdm\7python办公自动化\concat_word\test1.docx")
结果如下:
④ 添加图片
from docx import Document
from docx.shared import Cm
doc = Document(r"G:\6Tipdm\7python办公自动化\concat_word\test1.docx")
doc.add_picture(r"G:\6Tipdm\7python办公自动化\concat_word\sun_wu_kong.png",width=Cm(5),height=Cm(5))
doc.save(r"G:\6Tipdm\7python办公自动化\concat_word\test1.docx")
""" Cm模块,用于设定图片尺寸大小 """
结果如下:
⑤ 添加表格
from docx import Document
doc = Document(r"G:\6Tipdm\7python办公自动化\concat_word\test1.docx")
list1 = [
["姓名","性别","家庭地址"],
["唐僧","男","湖北省"],
["孙悟空","男","北京市"],
["猪八戒","男","广东省"],
["沙和尚","男","湖南省"]
]
list2 = [
["姓名","性别","家庭地址"],
["貂蝉","女","河北省"],
["杨贵妃","女","贵州省"],
["西施","女","山东省"]
]
table1 = doc.add_table(rows=5,cols=3)
for row in range(5):
cells = table1.rows[row].cells
for col in range(3):
cells[col].text = str(list1[row][col])
doc.add_paragraph("-----------------------------------------------------------")
table2 = doc.add_table(rows=4,cols=3)
for row in range(4):
cells = table2.rows[row].cells
for col in range(3):
cells[col].text = str(list2[row][col])
doc.save(r"G:\6Tipdm\7python办公自动化\concat_word\test1.docx")
结果如下:
⑥ 提取word表格,并保存在excel中(很重要)
from docx import Document
from openpyxl import Workbook
doc = Document(r"G:\6Tipdm\7python办公自动化\concat_word\test2.docx")
t0 = doc.tables[0]
workbook = Workbook()
sheet = workbook.active
for i in range(len(t0.rows)):
list1 = []
for j in range(len(t0.columns)):
list1.append(t0.cell(i,j).text)
sheet.append(list1)
workbook.save(filename = r"G:\6Tipdm\7python办公自动化\concat_word\来自word中的表.xlsx")
结果如下:
3、利用Python调整Word文档样式
1)修改文字字体样式
from docx import Document
from docx.shared import Pt,RGBColor
from docx.oxml.ns import qn
doc = Document(r"G:\6Tipdm\7python办公自动化\concat_word\test2.docx")
for paragraph in doc.paragraphs:
for run in paragraph.runs:
run.font.bold = True
run.font.italic = True
run.font.underline = True
run.font.strike = True
run.font.shadow = True
run.font.size = Pt(18)
run.font.color.rgb = RGBColor(255,255,0)
run.font.name = "宋体"
# 设置像宋体这样的中文字体,必须添加下面2行代码
r = run._element.rPr.rFonts
r.set(qn("w:eastAsia"),"宋体")
doc.save(r"G:\6Tipdm\7python办公自动化\concat_word\_test1.docx")
结果如下:
2)修改段落样式
① 对齐样式
from docx import Document
from docx.enum.text import WD_ALIGN_PARAGRAPH
doc = Document(r"G:\6Tipdm\7python办公自动化\concat_word\test1.docx")
print(doc.paragraphs[0].text)
doc.paragraphs[0].alignment = WD_ALIGN_PARAGRAPH.CENTER
# 这里设置的是居中对齐
doc.save(r"G:\6Tipdm\7python办公自动化\concat_word\对齐样式.docx")
""" LEFT,CENTER,RIGHT,JUSTIFY,DISTRIBUTE,JUSTIFY_MED,JUSTIFY_HI,JUSTIFY_LOW,THAI_JUSTIFY """
结果如下:
② 行间距调整
from docx import Document
from docx.enum.text import WD_ALIGN_PARAGRAPH
doc = Document(r"G:\6Tipdm\7python办公自动化\concat_word\test1.docx")
for paragraph in doc.paragraphs:
paragraph.paragraph_format.line_spacing = 5.0
doc.save(r"G:\6Tipdm\7python办公自动化\concat_word\行间距.docx")
结果如下:
③ 段前与段后间距
- 这里提供代码,自行下去检验